Mein: Bunyadi khidmaton ki qeemat mein izafah aur subsedi hawalay ki mansookhi, ye kuch tadabeer hain jo agle saal say amal mein aayengi taake muasharti istehkamat aur aik naqis munafa ko control mein rakha ja sake.
Mein: 2024 Ke Liye Cuba Mein Sakht Iqtisadi Tadabeer Ka Izhar
Aham tijarati tajaweez mein tabdili ki roshni mein, Cuba sarkar ne anay wale saal ke liye sakht iqtisadi tadabeer ka izhar kiya hai. Ye tadabeer mein shamil hain fuel aur bunyadi khidmaton ke liye qeemat mein izafah, subsediyon mein kami, aur mustaqbil ke private sector par rukawat lagana. Budhvar ko kiye gaye is ilanat ne aam Cubans ko agle samay mein anay wale challenges se pareshan kar diya hai.
Mein: Aham Tabdilein aur Inka Asar
2024 mein amal mein lane wale iqtisadi islahat ab tak ke salon mein Cuba ke communist hukumat dvara chalaye jane wale iqtisadi nizam mein kuch aham tabdilein darust karti hain. Numaya tabdilon mein shamil hain pani, bijli, tarbooz gas, transportation, aur fuel ke liye qeemat mein izafah. Ziyada bijli istemal karne wale gharo mein 25% izafah hoga, jabke kuch gharon mein pani ka daam tehaat ho jayega. Ye tabdilein, khaas kar bijli ke liye, un logon par asar daal sakti hain jo apne gharo se chhote karobar chala rahe hain.
Awaam Ki Pareshaniyan Aur Reactions
Havana ke gas stations mein, Cuba ki dar-ul-hukumat mein, logon ne Thursday ko izhar kiya ke daam barhne par kya hoga. Jorge Castro jese drivers ne petrol ke daam barhne aur lambi queues ke bare mein fikr zahir ki. Private sector mein kaam karne wale Alexis Velíz ne kaha, “Ye Cuba mein bohat se logon ko mutasir karega, kyun ke har koi petrol ke liye paisa nahi hoga. Iska bara asar hoga, kyun ke har cheez aur bhi mehngi hogi. Ye inflation ko aur bhi barha dega, ye aik aisa chakkar hai jo inflation ko mazeed barhaye ga.”
Subsidy Policy Mein Tabdeeli
Ilanat mein ek note-worthy tabdeeli ye hai ke ab staples aur products ki subsidyon se hat kar, jese ke chawal ya cheeni, isay un logon ko subsidy dena ka faisla kiya gaya hai jo zaruratmand hain. 1959 ki inqilab ke turant baad, Cuba ne monthly ration book jo “libreta” ke naam se maloom hota hai, ko launch kiya aur tamam Cubans ko anday, chawal, coffee, aur cheeni jese heavily subsidized staples diye gaye. Wala-hal rationed khana mahine ke liye kaafi nahi hota, lekin jin logon ka mahine ka muaawin tanqaaq $17 U.S. ke qareeb hota hai, unke liye ye subsidyon ka ek lifeline hai. Ilanat mein bayan hua ke sirf un logon ko khuraak ki subsidy milegi jo kamzor qarar diye gaye hain.
Iqtisadi Tabsarahat Ke Tanazur Mein
Cuban economist Ricardo Torres, jo ke Washington, D.C. mein American University ke fellow hain, ne kaha ke agar ye amal mein laye jaye to ye tabdilein kisi had tak jumhoori hukumat wale island ki iqtisadi nizam se doori ka ailaan karengi.
Macroeconomic Stabilization Plan
Wazeer-e-Azam Manuel Marrero ne Macroeconomic Stabilization Plan pesh kiya, jise aam taur par “Madd-o-Maan Jazbati Plan” ke naam se jana jata hai, jo ke Qaumi Majlis ke samne rakh diya gaya. Marrero ne buland mehngai aur maliya nuqsaan ko control mein rakhne ki zarurat par zor diya. Unho ne private enterprises banane ki ijaazat dene ka wada kiya, lekin unho ne inhe mazeed control karne ke liye qadam uthane ka dhamki diya, kehne ke sarkar ne pehle ghaltiyon ki hain.
Iqtisadi Manzar Ka Tajzia
Cuba mein mojood mushkilat ko hal karne ke liye ek saal ka waqt kaafi nahi hai, ye kehne wale tajarubi economist Omar Everleny ne shaqiat zahir ki. Unhone kaha ke Cuba ke muasharti aur iqtisadi masail 2024 mein hal nahi ho sakte. “Aap Cuba ki iqtisadi distortions aur imbalances ko 2024 mein hal nahi kar sakte,” Everleny ne kaha. “Ye wazeh hai ke Cuba ko sirf aik iqtisadi girawat nahi hai; balki ye aik iqtisadi crisis hai. Ye aik paidawar aur farahmi ke masail hain. Mujhe nahi lagta ke jo zaroorat hai, wo production par focus rakhe jane wale aik mukamal taraqqi ka plan hai.”
Ghairat Ka Muqabla Aur Bahir Ke Factors
Economy Minister Alejandro Gil ne is haftay kaha ke is saal Cuba ki iqtisadi shakhtiyat 1% se 2% tak ghate gi. Inflation tezi se barh rahi hai, aur ab ye 30% tak pohanch chuki hai. Iqtisadi halat ne pichle kuch salon mein ghairat angez food, dawai, fuel, aur bijli ki kamiyon ka saamna karwaya hai. Ye wajah hai ke Cuba ne apni deficit ko note chhap kar chukka hai, jisse ke inflation mein izafah hua hai.
Hukumat Ka Jawab Aur Zimmedari
Cuban President Miguel Díaz Canel ne measures ko social media par